Could be another clue about the development timeline. This version was released in November 2005. According to this post, kSCPropNetProxiesProxyAutoConfigEnable and kSCPropNetProxiesProxyAutoConfigURLString were added in Xcode version 2.2. The references to Keychain, Proxies and AutoConfig suggest this implant determines proxy settings on the target system. The reference to 1.3a may shed some light on the development timeline for this implant: version 1.3a of libevent was released in February 2007. The open-source library is very popular now, but was perhaps less known back when this implant was created. The following three lines appear to be related to libevent, the same event notification library that is used by Tor. Check out this post by Phil Stokes at SentinelOne for an overview of malware persistence techniques seen in the wild. In other words: how the implant ensures it’s executed again if the system is rebooted. The references to LoginItem, LaunchAgent and LaunchDaemons suggest this implant has different options for gaining persistence on a system. _kSCPropNetProxiesProxyAutoConfigURLString For example, we can determine that GrowlHelper is a small, unsigned Mach-O executable.Įrror from libevent when adding event for DNS server Using static analysis methods, we can triage the implant without running it. VirusTotal identified that the implant calls itself GrowlHelper, possibly referencing the popular Growl notification system for OS X from 2004. AegisLab, a security firm based in Taiwan, followed a couple of weeks later. Kaspersky marked it as malicious in October 2016. Symantec said that the actor has infiltrated governments, “in addition to targets in the financial, telecoms, energy, aerospace, information technology, education, and natural resources sectors.” QI-ANXIN said the actor has previously “targeted personnel and institutions in China.”Ī version of Green Lambert for OS X was first uploaded to VirusTotal, from Russia, in September 2014. We don’t know how this implant makes it into a target system the type of system it’s used on or the geographical location of a typical target. And, if we’re being honest: I could, so I did. Some might ask why I’d look at an implant this old? Doing so helps us better understand the capabilities of its sophisticated creator, past and present. I’ll also look at whether the developers followed the agency’s guidelines for development tradecraft. I’ll share how I approached the research, the tools I used, the things I figured out, and the things I didn’t. This blog post, along with the ( In America) talk at Objective By The Sea v.4.0, provides a comprehensive analysis of Green Lambert for OS X. Kaspersky’s research showed that The Lamberts’ toolkit includes “network-driven backdoors, several generations of modular backdoors, harvesting tools, and wipers.” A timeline of actvitiy for tools used by The Lamberts shows that “Green Lambert is the oldest and longest-running in the family.” Green Lambert is described as an “active implant” and “the only one where non-Windows variants have been found.” Kaspersky then announced it tracks the same actor as The Lamberts, and revealed the existence of an OS X implant called Green Lambert. In April, Symantec publicly linked Vault 7 to an advanced threat actor named Longhorn. The leak, known as Vault 7, was the largest disclosure of classified information in the agency’s history. In March 2017, WikiLeaks began publishing thousands of files detailing the CIA’s spying operations and hacking tools.
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